Exoplanet formation is the scientific study of how planets form around stars outside of our solar system. This field of research aims to understand the various processes and mechanisms by which exoplanets are born, such as gravitational instability, core accretion, or disk instability. Researchers use a combination of observational data, computer simulations, and theoretical models to study the formation and evolution of these distant planets. By studying exoplanet formation, scientists hope to gain insights into the diversity of planetary systems in our galaxy and potentially identify habitable worlds beyond our own.